§3314. The Control of Hazardous Energy for the Cleaning, Repairing, Servicing, Setting-Up, and Adjusting Operations of Prime Movers, Machinery and Equipment, Including Lockout/Tagout.

(a) Application.

     (1) This Section applies to the cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up and adjusting of
          machines and equipment in which the unexpected energization or start up of the
          machines or equipment, or release of stored energy could cause injury to employees.
     (2) For the purposes of this Section, cleaning, repairing, servicing and adjusting activities
          shall include unjamming prime movers, machinery and equipment.
     (3) Requirements for working on energized electrical systems are prescribed in Sections
          2320.9 or 2940.

(b) Definitions:

Affected employee. For the purpose of this section, an employee whose job requires them to operate or use a machine or equipment on which cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up or adjusting operations are being performed under lockout or tagout, or whose job requires the employee to work in an area in which such activities are being performed under lockout or tagout.

Authorized employee or person. For the purposes of this section, a qualified person who locks out or tags out specific machines or equipment in order to perform cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up, and adjusting operations on that machine or equipment. An affected employee becomes an authorized employee when that employee's duties including performing cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up and adjusting operations covered under this section.

Locked out. The use of devices, positive methods and procedures, which will result in the effective isolation or securing of prime movers, machinery and equipment from mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, chemical, electrical, thermal or other hazardous energy sources.

Normal Production Operations. The utilization of a machine or equipment to perform its intended production function.

Prime Mover. The source of mechanical power for a machine.

(c) Cleaning, Servicing and Adjusting Operations.  

Machinery or equipment capable of movement shall be stopped and the power source de-energized or disengaged, and, if necessary, the moveable parts shall be mechanically blocked or locked out to prevent inadvertent movement, or release of stored energy during cleaning, servicing and adjusting operations. Accident prevention signs or tags or both shall be placed on the controls of the power source of the machinery or equipment.

     (1) If the machinery or equipment must be capable of movement during this period in order to
         perform the specific task, the employer shall minimize the hazard by providing and
         requiring the use of extension tools (eg., extended swabs, brushes, scrapers) or other
         methods or means to protect employees from injury due to such movement. Employees
         shall be made familiar with the safe use and maintenance of such tools, methods or
         means, by thorough training.

(d) Repair Work and Setting-Up Operations.

Prime movers, equipment, or power-driven machines equipped with lockable controls or readily adaptable to lockable controls shall be locked out or positively sealed in the “off” position during repair work and setting-up operations. Machines, equipment, or prime movers not equipped with lockable controls or readily adaptable to lockable controls shall be considered in compliance with Section 3314 when positive means are taken, such as de-energizing or disconnecting the equipment from its source of power, or other action which will effectively prevent the equipment, prime mover or machine from inadvertent movement or release of stored energy. In all cases, accident prevention signs or tags or both shall be placed on the controls of the equipment, machines and prime movers during repair work and setting-up operations.

Exceptions to subsections (c) and (d):
1. Minor tool changes and adjustments, and other minor servicing activities, which take place during normal production operations are not covered by the requirements of Section 3314 if they are routine, repetitive, and integral to the use of the equipment or machinery for production, provided that the work is performed using alternative measures which provide effective protection.
2. Work on cord and plug-connected electric equipment for which exposure to the hazards of unexpected energization or start up of the equipment is controlled by the unplugging of the equipment from the energy source and by the plug being under the exclusive control of the employee performing the work.
3. Where an employer has a uniform system with unique and personally identifiable locks designed for lockout, that are placed on the source of energy, accident prevention signs or tags are not required.

(e) Materials and Hardware.

The employer shall provide accident prevention signs, tags, padlocks, seals or other similarly effective means which may be required for cleaning, servicing, adjusting, repair work or setting-up operations. Signs, tags, padlocks, and seals shall have means by which they can be readily secured to the controls. Tagout device attachment means shall be of a non-reusable type, attachable by hand, self-locking, and non-releasable with a minimum unlocking strength of no less than 50 pounds.

(f) Repetitive Process Machines.

On repetitive process machines, such as numerical control machines, which require power or current continuance to maintain indexing and where repair, adjustment, testing, or setting-up operations cannot be accomplished with the prime mover or hazardous energy source disconnected, such operations may be performed under the following conditions:

     (1) The operating station where the machine may be activated must at all times be under the
          control of a qualified operator or craftsman.
     (2) All participants must be in clear view of the operator or in positive communication with
          each other.
     (3) All participants must be beyond the reach of machine elements which may move rapidly
         and present a hazard to them.
     (4) Where machine configuration or size requires that the operator leave his control station
          to install tools, and where machine elements exist which may move rapidly if activated,
          such elements must be separately locked out by positive means.
     (5) During repair procedures where mechanical components are being adjusted or replaced,
          the machine shall be de-energized or disconnected from its power source.

Note: “Participant” shall mean any other person(s) engaged in the repair, adjustment, testing, or setting up operation in addition to the qualified operator or craftsman having control of the machine operating station.

(g) Hazardous Energy Control Procedures.

A hazardous energy control procedure shall be developed and utilized by the employer when employees are engaged in the cleaning, repairing, servicing, setting-up or adjusting of prime movers, machinery and equipment.
     (1) The procedure shall clearly and specifically outline the scope, purpose, authorization,
          rules, and techniques to be utilized for the control of hazardous energy, and the means
          to enforce compliance, including but not limited to, the following:
           (A) A statement of the intended use of the procedure;
           (B) The procedural steps for shutting down, isolating, blocking and securing machines
                or equipment to control hazardous energy;
           (C) The procedural steps for the placement, removal and transfer of lockout devices and
                tagout devices and responsibilities; and,
           (D) The requirements for testing a machine or equipment, to determine and verify the
                effectiveness of lockout devices, tagout devices and other hazardous energy control
                devices.
      (2) The employer's hazardous energy control procedures shall be documented in writing.
          (A) The employer's hazardous energy control procedure shall include separate procedural
                steps for the safe lockout/tagout of each machine or piece of equipment affected by
                the hazardous energy control procedure.

Exception to subsection (g)(2)(A): The procedural steps for the safe lockout/tagout of prime movers, machinery or equipment may be used for a group or type of machinery or equipment, when either of the following two conditions exist:

                   (1) Condition 1:
                        (A) The operational controls named in the procedural steps are configured
                              in a similar manner, and
                        (B) The locations of disconnect points (energy isolating devices) are
                              identified, and
                        (C) The sequence of steps to safely lockout or tagout the machinery or
                              equipment are similar.

                     (2) Condition 2: The machinery or equipment has a single energy supply that is
                          readily identified and isolated and has no stored or residual hazardous
                          energy.

(h) Periodic inspection.

The employer shall conduct a periodic inspection of the energy control procedure(s) at least annually to evaluate their continued effectiveness and determine necessity for updating the written procedure(s).
     (1) The periodic inspection shall be performed by an authorized employee or person other
           than the one(s) utilizing the hazardous energy control procedures being inspected.
     (2) Where lockout and/or tagout is used for hazardous energy control, the periodic inspection
           shall include a review between the inspector and authorized employees of their
           responsibilities under the hazardous energy control procedure being inspected.
     (3) The employer shall certify that the periodic inspections have been performed. The
          certification shall identify the machine or equipment on which the hazardous energy
          control procedure was being utilized, the date of the inspection, the employees included
          in the inspection, and the person performing the inspection.

(i) Whenever outside servicing personnel are to be engaged in activities covered by this section, the on-site employer's lockout or tagout procedures shall be followed.

(j) Training.

     (1) Authorized employees shall be trained on hazardous energy control procedures and
          on the hazards related to performing activities required for cleaning, repairing, servicing,
          setting-up and adjusting prime movers, machinery and equipment.
     (2) Each affected employee shall be instructed in the purpose and use of the energy control
         procedure.
     (3) All other employees whose work operations may be in an area where energy control
          procedures may be utilized, shall be instructed about the prohibition relating to attempts
          to restart or reenergize machines or equipment which are locked out or tagged out.
     (4) Such training shall be documented as required by Section 3203.